la réponse électrodermale est un critère complémentaire dans l'investigation du deficit de l'attention avec hyperactivté

Res Dev Disabil. 2013 Oct;34(10):3477-86. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.07.021. Epub 2013 Aug 6.

Objective measurement of weekly physical activity and sensory modulation problems in children with attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder.

Lin CY1, Yang AL, Su CT.

Author information

Abstract

This study aimed to objectively compare the daily physical activity (PA), as indicated by moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during a week and metabolic equivalents (METs) per minute, between children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and typically developing children. Moreover, sensory modulation problems were examined using behavioral and physiological measures. Twenty boys with ADHD (mean age 8.64 ± 2.57 years), and 20 matched typically developing boys (mean age 9.10 ± 1.79 years) participated in our study. Each child wore a PA monitor for 14 h a day, seven days a week. All participants' parents were asked to fill out daily activity logs for their children. The problems of sensory modulation were detected using sensory profile (SP) questionnaires and Sensory Challenge Protocol that measured electrodermal response (EDR) to repeated sensory stimulation. Compared with the controls, the children with ADHD had a generally higher level of PA (1.48 ± 0.10 vs. 1.60 ± 0.12 METs/min; p=001), and tended to spend more time in MVPA on weekdays (35.71%) and the weekend (57.14%). However, when analyzing hourly recorded PA, the group differences were obvious only for certain hours. Our data suggested that children with ADHD were more hyperactive in structure-free than structured settings. The ADHD group showed their sensory modulation problems on the SP but not on the EDR. We found some correlations between sensory modulation problems and hyperactivity in children with ADHD.

le deficit des fonctions executives est  une explication plausible du déficit de réactivité de la réponse électrodermale
a suivre

J Affect Disord. 2000 Dec;61(3):177-89.

Electrodermal hyporeactivity and antisocial behavior: does anxiety mediate the relationship?

Fowles DC.

Author information

Abstract

Electrodermal hyporeactivity in the anticipation of aversive stimuli is a highly reliable correlate of diagnosed psychopathy and undersocialized aggressive conduct disorder (UACD), and it has been interpreted as reflecting a weak behavioral inhibition system (BIS) as conceptualized in Gray's work (e.g., in: Royce, J.R. (Ed.), Multivariate Analysis and Psychological Theory. Academic Press, New York, NY, p. 409, 1973). This interpretation predicts that electrodermal hyporeactivity should be associated with a single dimension of temperament involving both low anxiety and behavioral disinhibition. However, temperament scales identify separate dimensions of trait anxiety/neuroticism and inhibitory control, and most investigators have assumed that the BIS is associated with the trait anxiety/neuroticism dimension. The present review supports the view that electrodermalhyporeactivity is associated with both low anxiety and disinhibition, as expected, and, possibly, with poor control of emotional expression. Additionally,electrodermal hyporeactivity appears to relate to an impulsivity dimension among psychopaths rather than to the core personality features of psychopathy. Recent findings raise the possibility that psychopaths suffer from a broader deficit (sometimes described as an executive function deficit) than a weak BIS and that electrodermal hyporeactivity might relate to this broader deficit. It is proposed that problems with impulsivity are more strongly documented than the broader concept of executive function deficits and that a primary disinhibition can produce secondary executive function deficits. A disinhibitory deficit is consistent with the weak BIS hypothesis. Overall, the results appear to be consistent with the electrodermalhyporeactivity-weak BIS hypothesis, but many issues remain to be resolved.

Et si les traits narcissiques pouvaient  tout simplement être mis en evidence  par la mesure de la réponse électrodermale :une avancée et de nouvelles corrélations en perspective entre hetero evaluation et auto évaluation

Psychophysiology. 2002 May;39(3):322-32.

Psychophysiological correlates of narcissistic traits in women during active coping.

Kelsey RM1, Ornduff SR, Reiff S, Arthur CM.

Author information

Abstract

Two dimensions of narcissism were related to psychophysiological responses to stress in 50 young women. Cardiovascular, electrodermal, task performance, and stress appraisal measures were recorded during rest, mental arithmetic, and a computerized Thematic Apperception Test (Murray, 1943). The Egocentricity and Alienation scales of the Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (Bell, 1995) served as measures of overt/inflated and covert/deflated narcissism. Egocentricity correlated consistently with heightened preejection period reactivity, whereas Alienation correlated consistently with diminished electrodermal reactivity (all p < .05). Multivariate analyses supported specific relationships between Egocentricity and preejection period hyperreactivity, and between Alienation and electrodermal hyporeactivity. These results have implications for narcissism, cardiovascular disease risk, and a variety of psychiatric disorders.

Du nouveau pour différencier les personnes qui ont des tendances a passer à l'acte de manière violente : la conductance cutanée.

Dr Claude Jean PARIS

J Abnorm Psychol. 2010 Feb;119(1):216-25. doi: 10.1037/a0017777.

Sex-specific association between psychopathic traits and electrodermal reactivity in children.

Isen J1, Raine A, Baker L, Dawson M, Bezdjian S, Lozano DI.

Author information

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship of skin conductance response (SCR) to a child psychopathy measure. Blunted electrodermal activity is a theoretically important characteristic of psychopathy, but it has not been fully explored in preadolescents or females. The authors tested the hypothesis that reduced SCR magnitude is associated with psychopathic-like traits in boys and girls. Participants were drawn from an ethnically diverse community sample of 9- to 10-year-old twins. Given the fact that members of each twin pair were rated by the same individual (i.e., their caregiver) on the Child Psychopathy Scale, the authors examined individual differences at the within-family level. Skin conductance data were collected during a passive auditory task consisting of 75-dB tones as well as miscellaneous sounds (e.g., baby cries, bird noises, and speech-like stimuli). Reduced SCR magnitude (hyporeactivity) was characteristic only of boys with higher psychopathy scores. More specifically, electrodermalhyporeactivity was linked to the interpersonal facet of psychopathy, suggesting that it is a biological marker of a manipulative and deceitful orientation in males. No association was found between SCRs and psychopathic traits in girls, indicating the importance of sex specific etiologies of psychopathy in childhood.

 La réponse electrodermale serait un marqueur du phenotype .
un argument pour sa mesure quasi systématique dans leader de suivi de patients dépressifs?
Dr claude jean Paris

Psychophysiology. 2012 Aug;49(8):1039-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01394.x. Epub 2012 May 30.

Examining electrodermal hyporeactivity as a marker of externalizing psychopathology: a twin study.

Isen JD1, Iacono WG, Malone SM, McGue M.

Author information

Abstract

Literature suggests that reduced electrodermal reactivity (EDR) is related to externalizing problems. However, the genetic and environmental etiology of this association is unknown. Using a standard habituation paradigm, we measured responses to 15 loud tones in four cohorts of adolescent twins (N = 2,129). We quantified EDR as the average size of elicited responses (amplitude) and by counting the number of skin conductance responses (frequency). Externalizing liability was indexed through a general factor underlying substance-related problems and antisocial behavior. Response frequency, but not mean amplitude, was inversely associated with externalizing liability in each twin cohort. Biometric modeling revealed that most of the overlap between response frequency and externalizing liability was due to genetic influences common to both phenotypes. It is argued that neurological mechanisms involved in habituation may shed light on the etiology of psychopathology.

Copyright © 2012 Society for Psychophysiological Research.

Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2009 May;119(5):338-49. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01364.x. Epub 2009 Feb 25.

Valid electrodermal hyporeactivity for depressive suicidal propensity offers links to cognitive theory.

Thorell LH.

Author information

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Studies from three independent laboratories report varying relationships between electrodermal hyporeactivity and suicidal behavior in depressed patients. The aims of this study were to explain that variation, to assess the discriminative validity of electrodermal hyporeactivity for suicide and suicide attempts and to suggest a tentative explanation model.

METHOD:

A meta-analysis was performed of 279 depressed patients and 59 healthy subjects.

RESULTS:

The sensitivity was 96.6% and specificity 92.9% of electrodermal hyporeactivity for suicide and 83.3% and 92.7%, respectively, for suicide and/or violent attempts. The shares of hyporeactives were strongly significantly and greatly larger in high than in low suicidal propensity groups, P-value ranging from 4.7 x 10(-8) to 1.1 x 10(-14).

CONCLUSION:

The high discriminative validity and the emerging links over a proposed interest-limiting precognitive set to cognitive theory of suicide encourage clinical application of tests of electrodermal reactivity. The study offers a series of testable hypotheses constituting a new platform for suicidological research in depression.

Biofeedback conductance cutanée réponse électrodermale
 un marqueur qui indique que l'hyporeactivité est un signe de dépression
Dr Claude Jean Paris

Electrodermal hyporeactivity as a trait marker for suicidal propensity in uni- and bipolar depression.

Thorell LH1, Wolfersdorf M, Straub R, Steyer J, Hodgkinson S, Kaschka WP, Jandl M.

Author information

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

A meta-analysis of studies investigating electrodermal activity in depressed patients, suggested that electrodermal hyporeactivity is sensitive and specific for suicide.

AIMS:

To confirm this finding and to study electrodermal hyporeactivity relative to type and severity of depression, trait anxiety, its stability and independence of depressive state.

METHOD:

Depressed inpatients (n = 783) were tested for habituation of electrodermal responses and clinically assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the STAI-Trait scale for trait anxiety.

RESULTS:

The high sensitivity and raw specificity of electrodermal hyporeactivity for suicide were confirmed. Its prevalence was highest in bipolar disorders and was independent of severity of depression, trait anxiety, gender and age. Hyporeactivity was stable, while reactivity changed into hyporeactivity in a later depressive episode.

CONCLUSIONS:

The findings support the hypothesis that electrodermal hyporeactivity is a trait marker for suicidal propensity in depression.

Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

KEYWORDS:

Depression; Electrodermal hyporeactivity; Sensitivity; Specificity; Stability; Suicidal behaviour